Assess the arguments for and against the claim the American news media Essay

Survey the contentions for and against the case the American news media is intrinsically one-sided for radicalism - Essay Example On the opposite side of the coin, it is conceivable that the media may have a liberal predisposition and since nonconformists get what they need to see that is the reason dissidents are to the least extent liable to speak more loudly against journalistic spin in United States. This paper is an endeavor to investigate the equivalent by evaluating the contentions introduced by pundits, which are both for and against a liberal inclination in the American news media (Anderson, pp. 62-68, 2005). Journalistic prejudice alludes to â€Å"perceived quality of a news source whereby the individual news source, or the gathering the news source speaks to, has a reasonable ‘vested interest’ in a reason or activity comparative with keeping up or changing business as usual? (Furthermore, a one-sided journalistic point of view, at that point, would mean just one side, not at least two sides, of an issue is presented† (Alterman, pp. 210-212, 2004). Pundits preferring the presence of a liberal predisposition present numerous examinations which uncover that there are unmistakably more democrat columnists when contrasted with republican writers. For instance, an investigation directed in 1999 by the American Society of Newspaper editors uncovered that 61 percent of the newsroom respondents recognized themselves as democrats or their considerations look to some extent like that of democrats. Nonetheless, just a unimportant 10 percent of newsroom respondents distinguished that they either are republicans or accept that their musings are spoken to by the republican standards. Moreover, these rates change when one thinks about the little papers. The quantity of majority rule supporters’ drops down to 48 percent and the number for republicans ascend to 21 percent. This discussion got more warmth when the figures of the sums gave to just and republican gathering from the representatives of NBC, CBS and ABC hit on the scene. The D emocratic Party got the gifts of more than 1 million US dollars from around 1160

Array as a Function Return Type and Method Parameter

Cluster as a Function Return Type and Method Parameter Clusters in Delphi permit us to allude to a progression of factors by a similar name and to utilize a number (a file) to reveal to them separated. Heres a model number exhibit that can hold up to 7 (whole number) values. Note: this is a fixed-size static Delphi cluster statement. Exhibits as Function Return Types In Delphi, capacities are schedules that arrival a worth. At the point when you need a capacity to restore a cluster type variable, you may be enticed to utilize the following assertion: At the point when you attempt to accumulate this code, youll get the following aggregate time blunder: [Pascal Error] E2029 Identifier expected yet ARRAY found. Clearly, when you announce capacities that will return cluster esteem, you ca exclude list type specifiers bring affirmation back. So as to permit a capacity to restore an exhibit esteem, you first need to make a custom cluster type, at that point use it as an arrival work type: Exhibits as Method/Routine Properties Like utilizing exhibits as capacity return types, when you proclaim schedules that take cluster parameters, you ca exclude record type specifiers in the parameter statements.

The Hows and Whys of Cultivating Social Support

The Hows and Whys of Cultivating Social Support Stress Management Relationship Stress Print The Hows and Whys of Cultivating Social Support By Elizabeth Scott, MS twitter Elizabeth Scott, MS, is a wellness coach specializing in stress management and quality of life, and the author of 8 Keys to Stress Management. Learn about our editorial policy Elizabeth Scott, MS Updated on February 06, 2020 jabejon / Getty Images More in Stress Management Relationship Stress Effects on Health Management Techniques Situational Stress Job Stress Household Stress Studies on social support show that having one or two close and supportive friends is at least as valuable to emotional health as having a large group of friendly acquaintances or more shallow friendships. However, having social support from several supportive friends would be the best of both worlds. You probably already know if youre more comfortable with one good friend or many, but there are some good reasons to have at least a few different friends to fall back on: If you have only one person supporting you through difficult times, you may wear that person out, or feel unsupported if that person is unavailable. It’s better for everyone if you have at least a few people to depend on.You draw different benefits from different types of people. Having an outgoing friend to party with, a knowledgeable friend to gain information and insights from, and an empathic friend to be a good listener during tough times, for example, provides a better blend of social support than any one of these people alone could give.Your friends can bring out different qualities in one another that benefit all of you. For example, your outgoing friend could bring your shy empathic friend out of her shell, and the three of you could go out and party together. Plus, your friends can introduce you to more friends, giving you a greater pool of pre-screened potential friends.Studies show that a sense of belonging is extremely important for emotional health and well-being; tho se who have social support but dont feel a sense of belonging are much more likely to suffer from depression, for example. How to Meet New People If you’re not still in school or working for a large company with a built-in social structure and constant opportunities to meet new people, it’s still easy to build new friendships. Here are a few ways to meet new people: Join a Gym: If you’re not comfortable striking up a conversation with the person on the next Stairmaster, most gyms offer yoga, aerobics or even martial arts classes, which provide a more intimate setting and opportunities to meet people, perhaps finding a workout buddy.Get Involved in a Hobby: If you enjoy making things with your hands, perhaps you can enroll in a community art class. If you like writing, a writer’s workshop will provide a great opportunity to improve your writing skills and get to know other writers at the same time. Joining a class geared toward your interests ensures you’ll improve yourself, and you’ll meet people with whom you already have something in common! Volunteer! Getting involved with a charity you believe in will give you a sense of doing something positive to help the world, which has a great way of relieving stress in itself, and you’ll meet others with similarly big hearts and great passion for helping.Get a Pet: Not only will you derive physical and emotional benefits from being a pet owner, but you can also meet others at dog parks or pet stores. There are even park days for passionate rabbit owners! Let your ‘best friend’ help you connect with other (human) friends.Have a Party: If you invite all of your current friends and encourage each to bring a friend, you’ll have a pool of new people to meet. Plus, you may inspire your friends to throw their own parties, where you’ll meet even more new people.Smile! This one may sound simple, but if you give off an ‘approachable vibe’, you may find that you’re striking up conversations with new people wherever you go. Not all these conversations need to lead to a new fr iendship, but some might, and just one warm exchange with someone new can brighten up your day (and theirs)!

The Movie Mulan - 883 Words

Mulan is an animated film that was released in 1998 from Disney during third wave feminism, which features an Asian woman protagonist. She is a Disney princess, but at first glance you wouldn’t think so. Mulan is introduced as a clumsy tomboy who did not think she would ever bring honor to her family. In order to accomplish said honor, she would have to by being the perfect bride, in accordance with the matchmaker. The film has a great amount of feminist ideals, however, it doesn’t leave out stereotypical gender roles and several examples of overdetermined ideologies. Patriarchy is very prevalent in this film, from the woman characters positions, down to the songs they sing throughout the film, patriarchy is a theme that cannot be missed. This paper will discuss how feminine and masculine stereotypes are conveyed in the film, how gender stereotypes are portrayed, and of the patriarchal themes included in the film. In the beginning, Mulan is being prepared to be sent off to an establishment to uphold the family honor where she will be put through a series of test to make sure she is good enough to be a bride by the matchmaker. While she is being prepped, the seamstress and hair dresser (along with her mother and grandmother) start singing the song â€Å"Bring Honor To Us All†. The upbeat tune supports the idea that the only way she could possibly bring honor to her family is by becoming a quiet, rule following servant with â€Å"good breeding, and a tiny waist†. Also, â€Å"To make a goodShow MoreRelatedThe Movie Mulan 1471 Words   |  6 PagesMulan is a feature-length, animated film, released for distribution by Walt Disney Studios in 1998. Mulan was the ninth film released during the renaissance period of Disney film-making. Mulan was an adaptation of an age-old Chinese ballad detailing the life of a Chinese girl who chooses to assume the male gender in order to save her fat her from having to be conscripted into the Chinese Army. For the most part, Mulan was well received by the theatre going public, garnering over three hundred millionRead MoreMovie Review Of Mulan 761 Words   |  4 PagesTyra Banks Mrs. Shields ENGL 101-38 17 September 2017 Film Review: Mulan An animated Disney movie called Mulan, was directed by Tony Bancroft and Barry Cook in 1998. The moral of the story is that women can be just the same as men can. I support the general meaning of the movie. I believe men that and women should be treated equally and that women should not be seen as weak or frail. Women are more than just wives or slaves and can-do jobs that have traditionally been set-aside for men. They canRead MoreMovie Analysis : Mulan s Mulan 1876 Words   |  8 Pagesenjoying these plot twisting, mesmerizing and incredible creations is the hidden and indirect messages. The film Mulan, which was produced in 1998, may seem like a movie that simply demonstrates a young Chinese women going to war for her father’s sake and coming home as a successful female hero, when in fact, it portrays much more. Underneath the storyline and general message of the movie, Mulan constructs the identities of young, Chinese, middle class women as always needing to be in a hete rosexual relationshipRead MoreMovie Analysis : Mulan 2008 Words   |  9 PagesApril 2017 Film Analysis-Mulan Little girls everywhere spend their childhoods watching the princesses portrayed in Disney movies, dreaming about the day they too will meet their prince charming. They see how Sleeping Beauty is woken up by a prince, Cinderella marries a prince, Sleeping Beauty turns a beast into a prince, and countless other instances of a girl just like them meeting their perfect man. Disney is infamous for their outdated illustration of gender roles. Mulan is one of the first DisneyRead MoreMulan, By Tony Bancroft And Barry Cook1153 Words   |  5 Pages Mulan is Disney animation about a story with a strong woman protagonist, who is Fa Mulan, directed by Tony Bancroft and Barry Cook in 1998. The film is based on Chinese legendary story of Hua Mulan. Overall of the film shows Chinese Confucian and traditional values with unique regulation, culture, and traditional system in their society. According to diegetic elements of Mulan which is defined as elements that consists of events, characters, objects, settings, and sounds in the story, the mainRead MoreMulan Sexism Analysis1393 Words   |  6 PagesMulan Is Sexist Disney movies feature female characters in a variety of roles, from a damsel in distress needing a man’s help to a woman who becomes her own hero. Mulan is one Disney character who has a seemingly feminist role. The movie features an unordinary girl who is meant to bring honor to her family by being the perfect woman for a man to marry. However, that’s not who she truly is. When her father gets summoned to serve in the military, Mulan poses as a man and takes his place. She trainsRead MoreGender Representation Of Female Gender Roles Affect Society Through Social Oppression Of The Minority Group1110 Words   |  5 Pages Despite what seems to be positive empowerment of females alike, Mulan in fact does not encourage the individual empowerment of women through separation of traditional gender stereotypes. In fact, Mulan emphasizes the roles between binary genders that ensure privilege of men over women. Additionally, the film shows how such stereotypical gender rol es affect society through social oppression of the minority group. Throughout the film, it is obvious that, although it is possible to have genderRead MoreMul The American Comedy And Action Film Produced By Walt Disney978 Words   |  4 PagesMulan is a 1998 American comedy and action film produced by Walt Disney Animation Studios featuring animations based on the Chinese legend of Hula Mulan. During the invasion by the Huns, the emperor of China asks for one man from each family to join the Chinese army. In order to save Mulan disable father from getting drafted, she secretly goes in his place and becomes one of China’s greatest heros. All though having her identity revealed, Mulan is still manages to defeat the Huns and restore herRead MoreMulan1185 Words   |  5 PagesHayden Ikerd Mr. Wheeler AP Literature 12 April, 2013 Thomas Foster’s Themes Traced in Mulan In his book How to Read Literature Like a Professor, Thomas Foster explains many reoccurring themes in literature, and shows how to recognize them and in some instances shows certain works where they occur. By reading this guide to literature, one may gain a deeper understanding of the work itself and of the author’s intent in writing it. However, Foster’s methods can also be applied to films. A filmRead MoreDoes Mulan Overthrow Oppressive Gender Norms?1308 Words   |  6 PagesPhilosophy Final Paper Does Mulan overthrow oppressive gender norms? In 1990, a novel was written by philosopher Judith Butler titled Gender Trouble. The importance of this novel was evident as it was a very controversial yet interesting analysis of the way we humans look at the topic of gender and sex. She explains throughout the book that our gender norms have been created by our ancestors and society. To many, crossing this boundary set by society is very deviant. Eight years after Gender

Essay on Twain is His Name, Even if He Was Born Samuel L....

Many people have heard of Mark Twain, but his real name is Samuel L. Clemens. He is one of the most influential authors in writing, and he is the guy with the white suit and a cigar (Brown, Don). His career has inspired many to become authors, but he faced many challenges in his older years, which affected his ideal of becoming wealthy. Nevertheless, he has had an impact on American Literature, securing him a spot in the History Hall of Fame. Mark Twain had a typical childhood for his time, but his older years were quite different. He was born on November 30, 1835 in Florida, Missouri to Jane Clemens and John Clemens (â€Å"Mark Twain Biography†). Growing up on the Missouri River, he faced poverty, cruelty, and boredom as a child. He wanted to†¦show more content†¦Later, he wrote the book What is Man?, which explained how to become successful if you understand how to be correctly motivated. When Twain had become a wealthy man, he spent $200,000 on a Paige typesetting machine and investments on a publishing firm and eventually went bankrupt. Regardless, during his time ofbankruptcy, Twain began to publish more to get out of debt. He began to create the works for which he is best known. Mark Twain should be in the History Hall of Fame because he has changed the way we view literature. He gave us the classic adventure story The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. He also gave us a â€Å"realistic prose style,† and used comedy to shun the pride he saw in humanity. In his book Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, he was accused of racism, but that didn’t stop him. His unique stories have inspired authors to develop more creative novels. Again, Mark Twain should be inducted into the History Hall of Fame because he has overcome the worst of challenges to give us world-known novels and inspiration. He may have been a person who just wanted to be rich, but his writings had a meaning. He gave us his own style of writing, and has been one of the most influe ntial authors in American Literature. As Mark Twain says, â€Å"Age is an issue of mind over matter. If you don’t mind, it doesn’t matter† (BrainyQuote). This is what kept him, and others, persistent in their careers. Now you know why Mark Twain should be in theShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Importance of Mark Twain in American Literature840 Words   |  4 PagesMark Twain in American Literature Mark Twain is important to American literature because of his novels and how they portray the American experience. Some of his best selling novels were Innocents Abroad, Life on the Mississippi, Huckleberry Finn, and The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. In these books, Mark Twain recalls his own adventures of steamboating on the Mississippi River. Samuel Langhorne Clemens was born on November 30, 1835 in a small village of Florida, Missouri. His parentsRead More Samuel Langhorne Clemens Essay1140 Words   |  5 PagesSamuel Langhorne Clemens Samuel Langhorne Clemens or commonly known as Mark Twain was an American writer and humorist. Twain’s writing is also known for realism of place and language, memorable characters, and hatred of bad faith and oppression. Clemens was born in Florida and then later on moved to Hannibal, Missouri, a Mississippi river port, when he was four years old. There he received a public school education. After his father died in 1847, Clemens was assisted to two Hannibal printersRead MoreThe Secret Of Getting Ahead Is Getting Started1713 Words   |  7 Pagesgetting started.† - Mark Twain Writing imposing stories on a boy by the name of Tom Sawyer, Huckleberry Finn and the mighty Mississippi River, Mark Twain ventured the American soul with intelligence, optimism, and a keen eye for the truth. He became nothing less than a national treasure (AE Television). Early Life Samuel Langhorne Clemens was born on November 30, 1835, in a minute village of Florida, Missouri, he was the sixth child of Jane and John Clemens. At age 4, the Clemens family moved to nearRead More Mark Twain Essay2338 Words   |  10 Pages Samuel Langhorne Clemens, better known as Mark Twain, is perhaps the most distinguished author of American Literature. Next to William Shakespeare, Clemens is arguably the most prominent writer the world has ever seen. In 1818, Jane Lampton found interest in a serious young lawyer named John Clemens. With the Lampton family in heavy debt and Jane only 15 years of age, she soon arried John. The family moved to Gainesboro, Tennessee where Jane gave birth to Orion Clemens. In the summer of 1827 theRead MoreMark Twain3000 Words   |  12 Pages†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦14 Prologue. When I was thinking about the topic for my research paper I could not come up with any ideas. Then I looked through my entire English binder and realized that we had just learned about Mark Twain. I have learned about him but I did not know much about him. So I decided to write this multi-genre research paper in Mark Twain’s impact on American literature. I picked this topic because I find Twain’s personality very interesting. He is best known as the author of the AdventuresRead More Mark Twain Essay1449 Words   |  6 Pages Mark Twain was a pilot, a comic lecturer, a humorist, a short story writer, and a novelist, to name a few of his many accomplishments. On November 30, 1835, Samuel Langhorne Clemens, otherwise known as Mark Twain, became the first man of any importance ever to be born west of the Mississippi River. He has become an icon as the American writer. This is because his way of writing cannot be simulated by Europeans or anyone else, due to the fact that the western setting of America creates aRead More mark twain Essay1481 Words   |  6 Pages Samuel Clemens/Mark Twain 1835-1910 Samuel Clemens was born on November 30, 1835 in Florida, Missouri, the sixth of seven children. At the age of four, Sam and his family moved to the small frontier town of Hannibal, Missouri on the banks of the Mississippi River. Missouri, at the time, was a fairly new state (it had gained statehood in 1820) and comprised part of the countrys western border. It was also a slave state. Sams father owned one slave and his uncle owned several. In fact, it was onRead MoreEssay Mark Twain2590 Words   |  11 PagesMark Twain As one of Americas first and foremost realists and humorists, Mark Twain, usually wrote about his own personal experiences and things he knew about from firsthand experience. # Two of his best-known novels show this trait, in his Adventures of Tom Sawyer, Twain immortalized the sleepy little town of Hannibal,Read MoreEvolution of the American Short Story1077 Words   |  4 PagesTime Periods. The American Romantics Time Period is where America was trying to establish things as a new country and was figuring out how to run the government. One of the authors from this time was Washington Irving, he wrote the story â€Å"Rip Van Winkle.† He was born on April 3, 1783 and died in 1859. Irving is best recognized for his works â€Å"Rip Van Winkle† and â€Å"The Legend of Sleepy Hollow.† This story was written when fiction writing was believed to be harmful to the public. In this story, Irving obliquelyRead MoreThe Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn By Mark Twain1542 Words   |  7 Pages Over the last 130 years â€Å"The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn† has been called everything from a piece of trash to a national treasure. Mark Twain, whose real name is Samuel Clemens wrote â€Å"The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.† Only one month after it was published, librarians in Concord, Massachusetts had it banned. â€Å"He has had his problems with librarians from the start when, in 1885, â€Å"those moral-ice-bergs,† the Library Committee of Concord−symbolic seat of freedom−pronounced the book rough, coarse

Leadership Approaches Free Essays

Leadership implies the ability to guide, direct, or influence people. In a certain family owned coffee plantation, the need arose for a quick decision on enlisting the company into the stock exchange. Given its rising fortunes, future prospects and need to acquire addition expansion capital, this was a good move. We will write a custom essay sample on Leadership Approaches or any similar topic only for you Order Now But this is a family-owned business, and selling its shares to the public might amount to selling the family’s fortune away. The first son who had the running of the company under his hands had to take the decision. He was not a professional in the business, so he called for two separate meetings of the company board and the family. Having heard collectively, he was able to sell 50% of the company shares to the public, leaving 50% to the family members, discretionary rights to buy as much of the public offers as they are able. Groups  of  people  living in bands have no formal leadership, and all people have input in making group decisions. Most decision-making in tribes occurs within households. Occasionally, most or all members of lineages or clans convene to make important village decisions, such as about dealing with neighboring tribes. Descent groups may also regulate access to crucial resources, such as favored hunting areas, and choose where people will live. (Bodley, 2006) According to Max de Pree  (1924  Ã¢â‚¬â€œÃ‚  ), the best management process for today’s environment is participative management based on covenantal relationships. Industrial Management, in business, is a term used to describe the techniques and expertise of efficient organization, planning, direction, and control of the operations of a business. Industrial management and the managerial grid Thus the style approach tends to analyze the individuals involved and see how best to harness their collective contributions to realizing the collective company goals. This is explained below: Technical: The technical ingenuity of an individual alone can not accomplish the required task and as such technical expertise is best utilized in team work, especial at the middle and supervisory levels. Human: The Human Resources of a skilled employer depends on training. For the top levels, this is most essential because it defines the course the company has to follow. Also, for the supervisory and middle level, an average proficiency is needed. Conceptual: the conceptual power of the middle level brings up growth while that of the top level drives this growth and ensures its sustenance. The managerial grid simply defines a hierarchy of flow of management in a leadership set-up. It clearly defines positions of authority and responsibility by all involved. A managerial grid, which consists of the CEO as the boss, includes the administrative, finance, operational and marketing management is it line of responsibilities. Work flows progressively, with each division taking decisions it is well vested on or its line of duty. Major decisions are taken by the board comprising of the CEO and managers. This enables the company to take sound and fair decisions which is responsive to the general interest of the company’s sustenance. In the theory of industrial management, organization has two principal aspects. One relates to the establishment of so-called lines of responsibility, drawn usually in the form of an organization chart that designates the executives of the business, from the president to the foreperson or department head, and specifies the functions for which they are responsible. The other principal aspect relates to the development of a staff of qualified executives. The Managing Director or CEO is the most senior manager of a company. The managing director is responsible for the day-to-day running of the company, but has a seat on the board of directors. The managing director may also be the chairman of the company, but in large companies the role of chairman is usually separate from that of managing director. He works with the Board of Directors or a group of directors elected by stockholders at the annual general meeting of a company to supervise the running of the company. Executive directors are managers of a company, working full time and with salaries paid by the company. Nonexecutive directors have no management position and are likely to look after the affairs of the company on a part-time basis. The  top  managers  of  a corporation are appointed or dismissed by a corporation’s board of directors, which represents stockholders’ interests. However, in practice, the board of directors is often made up of people who were nominated by the top managers of the company. Members of the board of directors are elected by a majority of voting stockholders, but most stockholders vote for the nominees recommended by the current board members. Stockholders can also vote by proxy—a process in which they authorize someone else, usually the current board, to decide how to vote for them. Businesses  rely  on  effective human resource management (HRM) to ensure that they hire and keep good employees and that they are able to respond to conflicts between workers and management. HRM specialists initially determine the number and type of employees that a business will need over its first few years of operation. They are then responsible for recruiting new employees to replace those who leave and for filling newly created positions. A business’s HRM division also trains or arranges for the training of its staff to encourage worker productivity, efficiency, and satisfaction, and to promote the overall success of the business. Finally, human resource managers create workers’ compensation plans and benefit packages for employees. Planning in industrial management has three principal aspects. One is the establishment of broad basic policies with respect to production; sales; the purchase of equipment, materials, and supplies; and accounting. The second aspect relates to the implementation of these policies by departments. The third relates to the establishment of standards of work in all departments. Direction is concerned primarily with supervision and guidance by the executive in authority; in this connection a distinction is generally made between top management, which is essentially administrative in nature, and operative management, which is concerned with the direct execution of policy. Control involves the use of records and reports to compare performance with the established standards for work. Industrial management as just defined dates from the latter part of the 19th century. A notable impetus to its evolution was provided by the American engineer Frederick Taylor, who developed techniques for analyzing the operations involved in production and for setting standards for a day’s work. The techniques originally devised by Taylor were adapted by industrialists to other phases of business, including the employment of qualified workers, and wage incentive programs either to replace or to supplement the piecework system that had previously prevailed. Industrial management experts who succeeded Taylor have applied his techniques to a wider range of business problems. Among the leading successors are the Austrian-American management consultant and educator Peter Drucker and the American economist, writer, and diplomat John Kenneth Galbraith. New  explanations  and  fresh policies were urgently required; this was precisely what Keynes supplied. In his enduring work The General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money, the central message translates into two powerful propositions. (1) Existing explanations of unemployment he declared to be nonsense: Neither high prices nor high wages could explain persistent depression and mass unemployment. (2) Instead, he proposed an alternative explanation of these phenomena focused on what he termed aggregate demand—that is, the total spending of consumers, business investors, and governmental bodies. When aggregate demand is low, he theorized, sales and jobs suffer; when it is high, all is well and prosperous. From  these  generalities flowed a powerful and comprehensive view of economic behavior—the basis of contemporary macroeconomics. Because consumers were limited in the amounts that they could spend by the size of their incomes, they could not be the source of the ups and downs of the business cycle. It followed that the dynamic forces were business investors and governments. In a recession or depression, the proper thing to do was either to enlarge private investment or create public substitutes for the shortfalls in private investment. In mild economic contractions, easy credit and low interest rates (monetary policy) might stimulate business investments and restore aggregate demand to a figure consistent with full employment. More severe contractions required the sterner remedy of deliberate budget deficits either in the form of spending on public works or subsidies to afflicted groups. Some  big  corporations established overseas operations and became multinational. Producers in the United States depended on world markets to buy oil, iron, steel, and food that they exported. They also increased their overseas investments. Standard Oil (later Exxon), for instance, developed oil resources in Venezuela and the Middle East. Coca-Cola swept through Europe, where it set up bottling factories. New types of bureaucrats ran the big businesses of postwar America. In The Organization Man (1956), sociologist William H. Whyte wrote that employers sought managers who would adapt to corporate culture, which rewarded teamwork and conformity. The essential characteristic of the behavioral approach to learning is that events in the environment are understood to predict a person’s behavior, not thoughts, feelings, or other events that take place inside the person. Strict behaviorists believe that it is dangerous and unscientific to treat thoughts and feelings as the causes of a person’s behavior, because no one can see another person’s thoughts or feelings. Behaviorists maintain that human learning can be explained by examining the stimuli, reinforces, and punishments that a person experiences. According to behaviorists, reinforcement and punishment, along with other basic principles such as generalization and discrimination, can explain even the most advanced types of human learning, such as learning to read or to solve complex problems. Conclusion In the situation described above, the head of the family coffee company simply executed collective leadership. The leader behavior thus makes sense when you realize the amount of gains that has been added to the company based on this sharp approach. This supports the leadership theory described and it has helped me to understand my feelings and behavior in this particular situation. Business  plays  a  vital role in the life and culture of countries with industrial and postindustrial (service- and information-based) free-market economies such as the United States. In free-market systems, prices and wages are primarily determined by competition, not by governments. In the United States, for example, many people buy and sell goods and services as their primary occupations. In 2001 American companies sold in excess of $10 trillion worth of goods and services. Businesses provide just about anything consumers want or need, including basic necessities such as food and housing, luxuries such as whirlpool baths and wide-screen televisions, and even personal services such as caring for children and finding companionship. A typical example of a non-collective leadership is in a one-man business. The Entrepreneur thus is one who assumes the responsibility and the risk for a business operation with the expectation of making a profit. The entrepreneur generally decides on the product, acquires the facilities, and brings together the labor force, capital, and production materials. If the business succeeds, the entrepreneur reaps the reward of profits; if it fails, he or she takes the loss. In his writings, the Austrian-American economist Joseph A. Schumpeter stressed the role of the entrepreneur as an innovator, the person who develops a new product, a new market, or a new means of production. One important example was Henry Ford. In the industrialized economies of the late 20th century, giant corporations and conglomerates have largely replaced the individual owner-operator. There is still a place for the entrepreneur, however, in small businesses as well as in the developing economies of the Third World nations. (Redmond, 2006) References Bodley, John H. â€Å"Culture.† Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2006 Dryzek, John. â€Å"Political Science† Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2006 Redmond, WA â€Å"Entrepreneur.† Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2006 Redmond, WA â€Å"Industrial Management.† Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2006 Redmond, WA â€Å"Invention (device or process).† Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2006 How to cite Leadership Approaches, Essay examples

Material of Safety Rolling

Introduction Engineers design and manufacture products from various materials. The materials used in the design must meet some constraints or threshold.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Material of Safety Rolling specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The following are some of the requirements these materials must meet; withstand stress and strain or loads, be insulators or conductors of heat and electricity, be magnetic or non magnetic, light transmitters or reflectors, resistant to harsh environmental conditions, cost less, able to serve the purposes and impact less on the environment. Designing things not only requires materials but it also demands the application of correct process. The process should not just be any—the chosen process must be compatible with the material that is used (Ashby Johnson, 2002). Today, almost all the materials used were developed over a hundred years ago Over 200 000 materia ls are available to be chosen by engineers, leaving manufacturers, designers, engineers with a challenge that our forefathers experienced in decisively choosing from this long list of options. Selecting the right material and process is driven by factors including material performance, cost-cutting measures and efficiency, and minimizing environmental damage. Innovative design implies envisaging the use of the properties presented to us by different materials. Today, these properties can be found from well documented engineering books. Nonetheless, advances in computer technology have even made things much easier in terms of storage manipulation, thanks to computer aided design. Thinking strategically is imperative when it comes to matching material to design safety rolling. The shape of the final product made determines the choice of the process and vice versa. The relation is two- way traffic —the process too affects the shape, the size, the accuracy and, the price of a com ponent.Advertising Looking for assessment on engineering? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Specifying the shape limits the option of material and process, similarly, specifying the process restricts the materials to be used and the types of shapes they form. The more complicated the design is the more you will be limited to the specifications. This explains the close relationship between the two. The relationship between material, shape and process is at the core of the selection process. Material selection strategy is needed to deal with the problem of designing material of safety rolling. The processes steps to be followed include: Translation: Design constraints, objective and free variables Translation is ‘‘the process of adapting the design attributes for a component into a statement of function, constraints, objectives and free variables’’. Function means the work that the component can perform. A constraint is an indispensable requirement that must be achieved and is presented as a limit on a material or process quality. An objective is the quantity for which limits (maximum or minimum values) are identified, usually cost, mass or volume, among others. Constraints are applied in the process of screening to isolate candidates that are able to perform the function. Objectives are employed in the ranking process to isolate the materials available that can perform the function. Free variables are the limits or constraints of the material that can be changed by the designer. Material of safety rolling must meet some constraints, but at the same time attain the objective of safety on the environment. The constraints of materials of safety rolling include; material of less toxic elements, Maximum use temperature 600 C, corrosive resistant, maximum strength to withstand breakage, stress, strain; and capacity to be manufactured cheaply. Objective: Maximize the strength of safety rolling; hence maximize safety of the material on the environment at the same time making it strong withstand any strain and stress to avoid breakage when rolling. Free variables are the parameters that can be changed to maximize the objective.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Material of Safety Rolling specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The designer is at liberty to alter measurements that are limited to the design requirements. The designer is free to select any material for the component. Free variables for material for safety rolling can be the choice of the material and the cross- sectional area (Callister, 2003). Screening: Five feasible materials for preliminary consideration This step gets rid of materials that cannot perform the specified function. It is either because one or more of their characteristics does not fall in the extreme values- maximum and minimum of the constraints. For example, the con straint that â€Å"the constituent must function in boiling water† or that â€Å"the constituent must not be opaque† sets clear maximum value on the aspect of maximum performance heat and optical properties that qualified candidates must fulfill. Based on the design objective of material of safety rolling, materials that can be preliminarily considered include; metals, polymers, elastomers, ceramics, and glasses. Materials includes the family ‘Metals’, which is further classified into smaller classes like ‘Aluminum alloys’, and other sub-classes. Every material is classified based on a set of characteristics, design properties, the ecological impacts and the applications of the material. This is commonly known as property profile. Selection process comprises, marrying the right property profiles of the materials in the world and that which is needed by the design. The materials from a particular family have similar properties. Metals are fairl y stiff, calculated by the modulus, E. Nearly all metals are soft and can be deformed easily in their natural state; this implies that ÏÆ'y is low. Metals can be strengthened by adding alloys and by mechanical and heat treatment, raising ÏÆ'y, however they retain their ductility, making it possible to be made by the process deformation. Generally speaking metals are tough, with a high fracture toughness of K1c. They conduct both heat and electricity. Ceramics are non-metallic, inorganic solids, common ones are porcelain or alumina—the material widely used in spark-plug insulators. They have numerous desirable characteristics.Advertising Looking for assessment on engineering? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Their properties include; stiffness, hard and resistant to abrasive force, maintains their strength when exposed to extreme heat, and they are corrosion resistant. Large portions are used as perfect insulators. But they have disadvantages: unlike metals, they can easily break, and have low K1c. This makes it almost impossible for ceramics to withstand low stress levels (such as holes or cracks) or for extreme joint stresses (like a clamp point). As result of this major drawback, it is easier to design with metals than ceramics. The third group of material are the glasses, these materials are solid, non-crystalline (‘amorphous’). Commonly occurring glasses are the soda-lime and borosilicate glasses widely called bottles and Pyrex ovenware. Other materials are abundant. The absence of crystalline structures stifles their plasticity, thus, similar to ceramics, glasses are hard and extremely resistant to corrosion. They are non conductors and are used as conductors, indeed, they allow light to pass through. Nevertheless, ceramics are brittle and susceptible to stress and strain conditions. Polymers are organic solid compounds with long strands of carbon (or, in several, silicon) atoms. Polymers are not heavy—their densities Ï  are low compared with other lighter metals. Their modulus E is approximately 50 times less compared with other materials like those of metals. They are floppy, strong, and because they are less dense, the strength per unit weight of polymers can be equated to that of metals. Their characteristics are varied based on the changes in temperature hence a polymer that is tough and flexible at room temperature might become brittle at the lower temperatures. But can become tender at boiling point.. Beyond 100 degrees centigrade the strength of polymers becomes useless. You can use these properties in the design. They can be easily shaped (thus the name plastics) thus sophisticated products doing different job are produced from one polymer in just one process. Their characteristics are perfectly suitable for components that stick together, necessitating rapid assembly and less expensive. By precisely determining the size of the mold and prior application of color on the polymer, finishing operations are not required. A well designed process maximizes all the above properties. Elastomers are mostly materials of rubber bands and sports shoes. These are polymers with exceptional properties. The stiffness, determined by E, is very low. Compared with metals, they are 500–5000 times more. The other unique property is that they are capable of being stretched several times their original length but retain their original shape after the stretch. In spite of low stiffness, elastomers are strong and tough. This makes them suitable for car tires (Callister, 2003). Ranking: Comparing the advantages and disadvantages of the five materials After screening, the materials are then ranked using material indices. Mat erial property cannot rule out those that are retained. It only aids in ranking those that remain. In order to achieve it an optimization criterion is required. This is embodied in the material indices developed, which measures how perfectly the material has survived the screening process and hence can perform the function. The ability to perform the job is to some extent constrained by either one or more properties. The property or property class that optimizes the capacity to perform a given function for a particular design is known as material index. There are several indices, with every index designed to maximize specific attribute of performance. They present standards of excellence that permit ranking of materials by their capacity to perform well in certain applications. To sum it up whereas screening eliminates materials that have the ability to perform the work, ranking isolates those materials presented that can perform the job better. Re-examining our materials; metals, p olymers, elastomers, ceramics, and glasses it is possible to rank them from the worst suited to the best suited for the job. Starting with metals, they have several advantages. Metals are stiffer, easily deformed in their pure state, can be strengthened by alloying, retain ductility after treatment, and finally they are good conductors of heat and electricity. They have only disadvantages namely; most are corrosive, some are toxic, cancerous and react with other elements. The ceramics have the following advantages; they are stiff, hard and resistant to abrasive force, retain their strength when exposed to extreme heat, and they are resist corrosion. But ceramics have disadvantages too: unlike metals, they are fragile, and have a low K1c. The Advantages of glasses include: easily available, the materials are plenty, hard, resistant to corrosion, and transparent. The disadvantages of glasses can identified as, poor conductors of electricity and heat, vulnerable to stress concentration s and lastly they are brittle. Advantages of polymers: can be easily shaped, hence sophisticated products doing different job are produced from one polymer in just a single operation and stick together, require no finishing operations. Advantages of Elastomers: stiff, easily stretched and return to original shapes and length, tough and strong. The main disadvantage of elastomers is that they are not stiff. The merits and demerits of the five materials leave us with two materials at the top to be considered. The materials can be ranked from the most preferred based on the number of advantages and design limits and properties. Ranked at the top (most preferred) are metals followed by elastomers, polymers, ceramics and glasses (the least preferred) material to be considered. As was aforementioned, metals have other subclasses like alloys- steel, iron, zinc Lead, aluminium, tin and copper. Documentations: Detailed evidence of the key material related to the design constrictions, objecti ves and free variables Documentation is different from the ordered property information employed in the screening process. Normally, it is a description, graphical presentation or pictures and charts of the case studies of earlier functions of the material, success analysis and facts on the corrosion, data about availability and costs, among others. This kind of information can be retrieved from various sources like handbooks, manufacture’s data sheets, case studies of use, and success or failure studies. Documentation aids in narrowing down the selection choice to a final option, permitting final selection to be made between design constraints and material characteristics. Screening and ranking help to reduce or simply eliminate the materials that are not suitable for the job. Without these two steps, then the choices from which to select is vast hence the volume of documentation becomes cumbersome. Closing eyes and blindly choosing any material is an exercise in futility. H owever, after a reasonable number of materials have been isolated by the screening process and ranking step, an in depth analysis (documentation) can be done for the few remaining materials, and the exercise becomes feasible. Figure 1: A flow diagram of selection a process, which is similar to material selection. Metals: metals have various properties- chemical properties, physical properties, thermal properties and mechanical properties. Mechanical properties A steel ruler can ‘elastically’ bend with ease—‘elastically’ implies that it returns back after being released. The elastic stiffness is because of two factors- shape and property of steel itself. Thin size enables it to bend easily and the elastic modulus E is also high. The point here is the steel ruler can bend elastically, although if it is a good one, it is not possible to make it permanently bend. Permanent deformation is linked to the strength of the material but not stiffness. The ease with which a ruler bends permanently is determined by the shape and the different properties of the steel—namely the yield strength, ÏÆ'y. Materials with huge ÏÆ'y, such as titanium alloys, are difficult to bend permanently even if their stiffness, emanating from E, might be low; metals with low ÏÆ'y, for example lead, can bend without any difficulty. When metals bend they become even much stronger. A concept commonly referred to as ‘work hardening’), of course the extreme limits must not be exceeded, called the tensile strength, ÏÆ'ts, exceeding this limit the material deforms. This property of steel makes it a perfect choice of materials of safety rolling. Thermal properties Metal properties change with changes in temperature, generally for the worse. Metals lose their strength at different heat levels. They can oxidize, degrade or worse of are decomposed. It goes without saying that metals have a limiting temperature known as the maximum service temperatu re, Tmax, beyond this their application is not viable. Stainless steel has a highest Tmax—it may be applied up to 800 °C. But most polymers have relatively low Tmax and are rarely used beyond 150 °C. This difference in properties makes it easy to isolate materials. Electrical, magnetic and optical properties Without electrical conductivity man would not have easy access to light, heat, power, control and communication. Metals are good conductors. Copper and aluminum top the list of cheap conductors. Although conductivity to some extent is undesirable fuse boxes, switch casings, the suspensions for power transmission lines all need to be insulted. Materials with high resistivity, Ï e, are required the reverse the electrical conductivity ÃŽ ºe. Many plastics and glass have high resistance thus are used as insulators—although, with special treatment, they can become conductors. There is a close relationship between electricity and magnetism. Electric currents genera te magnetic fields; a rotating magnet creates an electric current to any close conductor (Bralla 1998). Chemical properties Most of the time metals operate in antagonistic environments, subjected to corrosive substances like fluids, to hot gases or to even radioactive radiation. Conditions that corrode metals include damp air, water, the sweat on people’s hands and other corrosive environments. Therefore, for the material or metal to withstand the corrosion, then it must be designed with materials that are less corrosive or at times can be coated with materials which can withstand the environments where they are used. Common surroundings include fresh and salt water, acids and bases, organic solvents, and oxidizing flames (Ashby Johnson, 2002). Final Choice The choice of process is limited by the choice of the material selected. For instance, compared with other materials it is easy to mould polymers. Elastic materials can be forged, rolled and drawn as opposed to materials that are delicate and hence must be shaped in other ways. Materials that thaw at relatively low temperatures and low-viscosity liquids can be cast, while others can be processed by other methods. The shape of the material and product also determines the choice of process. Slender shapes can be designed easily by rolling or drawing but not by casting. It is hard to make hollow shapes by forging, but they can be made by casting or molding. There are different classifications of processes. Manufacturing processes are categorized under the following heading; Primary processes which creates shapes. Primary forming processes include: casting, molding, deformation, powder methods, methods for forming composites, special methods including rapid prototyping. Next are the secondary processes which aim at modifying the shapes or properties. In most cases they are depicted as ‘machining’, which adds some features to an already shaped product, and ‘heat treatment’, whic h improves surface or bulkiness of the properties. Under these we have joining and, lastly, surface treatment (Bralla, 1998). Just like the flow diagram of the selection process of material, a step by step of a manufacturing process can be drawn. Nevertheless, the arrangement of the steps can vary based on the constraints of the design. Basically, three process families have been identified moving from shaping to joining and finally to finishing. It is critical to revisit our major goal of safety rolling i.e. the material being friendly on the environment and at the same time meets some constraints, of safe rolling, material of less toxic elements, maximum use temperature 600 C, corrosive resistant, maximum strength to withstand breakage, stress, strain, and the capacity to be manufactured cheaply. But of course the Objective remains: to maximize the strength of safety rolling; hence maximize safety of the material on the environment at the same time making it strong to withstand any strain and stress to avoid breakage when rolling. Comparing lead and Aluminium, the latter can be the most preferred metal with such properties which is less hazardous both to the environment and human beings. Moreover, it can be safely rolled because it is less ductile. But coating as a way of finishing, increases the cost of the manufacturing process. On the contrary, coating as a finishing process is justified because it hardens, safeguards, or makes the surface more attractive thereby increases its value. In a nutshell, materials have properties like density, strength, cost, and the ability to resist corrosion. Proper design demands a particular profile. It is imperative to begin with the whole set of choices of materials as options. Without going through the steps selection process, the entire process is doomed from the start. The process of engineering design is a multifaceted process for which there is hardly ever a precise right accurate solution. An in depth knowledge o f the loop connecting or linking the function, materials, processes and the shape of materials is inevitable. The right choice of material can minimize costs, and damage on the environment. References Ashby, M.F. and Johnson, K. (2002). Materials and Design the Art and Science of  Material Selection in Product Design, Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, UK. Bralla, J.G. (1998) Design for Manufacturability Handbook, 2nd edition, McGraw- Hill, New York, USA Callister, W.D. (2003) Materials Science and Engineering, An Introduction, 6th edition, John Wiley, New York, USA. This assessment on Material of Safety Rolling was written and submitted by user Xavi A. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Qualifications, attributes, ethics, and responsibilities of Air Traffic Controllers

Qualifications, attributes, ethics, and responsibilities of Air Traffic Controllers Ever wondered how planes travel in the air and never clash with each other like cars do? The safety of planes and their passengers lie in the hands of air traffic controllers. Air traffic controllers are professionals who are in charge of how air traffic moves so that planes can maintain a safe distance between each other.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Qualifications, attributes, ethics, and responsibilities of Air Traffic Controllers specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In addition to ensuring safety of planes and their passengers, air traffic controllers are also responsible for ensuring that planes are not delayed and that they depart from their destinations and alight at their destinations at the allocated times. There are different types of air traffic controllers, each performing special roles. The terminal controllers are in charge of planes when they are in an airport’s airspace. The main duty of te rminal controllers is to ensure a smooth movement of airplanes into and out of airports. They mainly do so by observing. If all is well, they sequence the arriving airplane to land and give clearances for the departing airplanes. They also give advice to pilots about weather and runway conditions so that accidents resulting from such conditions can be avoided (Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, 2011). Before a plane leaves an airport, many different air traffic controllers are involved in the process. For instance, the tower flight data controller makes use of the data plan for departure to organize the departure procedure in sequence. The clearance controller on the hand gives clearance to an airplane for departure while the ground controller uses the data plan in form of flight strip to control the flow of airplanes on the airport’s surface. A similar procedure is followed when a plane wants to land. When the plane is about 50 miles from its destined airp ort, the airport’s terminal radar arrival controller creates a sequence for the airplane along with other airplanes that want to land at the same time. Once everything is in order, the controller gives an approach clearance to the pilot who is then cleared to make contact with the tower. The clearance to land on the airport is then given by the local controller. The ground controller then takes over and guides the aircraft along the taxiways (Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, 2011). The work of air traffic controllers is therefore crucial for the safety of airplanes. It requires attention to details (especially for the local and ground controllers who make use of visual observation) and high levels of skills and expertise. Air traffic controllers must be efficient and swift in action because every second counts and can mean the difference between life and death. They need to be intelligent and have a good memory because they receive a lot of information at any given time which they have to quickly understand, interpret and remember.Advertising Looking for term paper on aviation? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Strong decision making abilities are also required of air traffic controllers because they are often faced with situations which force them to make quick decisions, for instance, when the weather condition suddenly changes contrary to previous expectations. Air traffic controllers need to have a long concentration span because they have to make decisions in the midst of numerous distractions such as noise and poor visibility. They need to have active listening skills so that they can hear and understand what is being conveyed to them. In addition to listening skills, they require strong speaking abilities so that they can convey crucial information to pilots and concerned parties quickly, loudly and clearly. They need critical thinking; problem-solving; and judg ment skills to enable them weigh the merits and demerits of various options and make the most appropriate decision. Like any other profession, the profession of air traffic controllers is also ethically bound more so because the lives of passengers and staff in the airplane are at stake. Air traffic controllers must therefore adhere to the ethical obligations set by the ethics committee (Center for the Study of Ethics in the Professions, 2011). In order for someone to qualify to become air traffic controller, he or she must have a college degree in air traffic control or aviation-related course. There are numerous colleges which offer such degrees and they differ from country to country and state to state. Besides the academic qualifications, air traffic controllers who wish to work with the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) have to take a computer-administered test which normally lasts 8 hours. Before being employed, candidates should also pass a drug-screening test. The site  https://www.bls.gov/home.htm (by Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, 2011)) is a good site with invaluable information about all aspects of air traffic controllers. It has information not only about the nature of the work done by air traffic controllers, qualifications and attributes but also information on the job outlook, projections and remuneration. The site also provides information about occupations that are related to air traffic control as well as sources of additional information. The site  https://www.onetonline.org/link/summary/53-2021.00 (by O*NET Online, 2010) also offers adequate information about air traffic controllers. The good thing about this site is that the information is organized in a simplistic manner that makes it easy for its readers to read. Reference List Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor. (2011). Occupational Outlook Handbook, 2010-11 Edition, Air Traffic Controllers. Web.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Qualifications, attributes, ethics, and responsibilities of Air Traffic Controllers specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Center for the Study of Ethics in the Professions (2011). Air Traffic Control Association. Web. O*NET Online. (2010). Summary report for: 53-2021.00_Air Traffic Controllers. Web.

Reducing, Reusing and Recycling Fast Food Waste

Reducing, Reusing and Recycling Fast Food Waste Dear EarthTalk: What are the fast-food chains doing to cut back onor at least recyclethe huge amount of paper, plastic and foam they use daily? Are there any laws or regulations to force them to be good environmental citizens? Carol Endres, Stroud Township, PA Currently there are no federal laws or regulations in the U.S. specifically aimed at getting fast food chains to reduce, reuse or recycle their waste. Businesses of all kinds must always obey local laws pertaining to what must be recycled versus what can be discarded. And a small number of cities and towns have local laws specifically designed to force businesses to do the right thing, but they are few and far between. Voluntary Fast Food Waste Reduction Makes HeadlinesThere have been some strides in the fast food business with regard to packaging materials and waste reduction, but it has all been voluntary and usually under pressure from green groups. McDonald’s made headlines back in 1989 when, at the urging of environmentalists, it switched its hamburger packaging from non-recyclable Styrofoam to recyclable paper wraps and cardboard boxes. The company also replaced its bleached paper carryout bags with unbleached bags and made other green-friendly packaging advances. Some Fast Food Chains Offer Vague Policies on Waste ReductionBoth McDonald’s and PepsiCo (owner of KFC and Taco Bell) have crafted internal policies to address environmental concerns. PepsiCo states that it encourages â€Å"conservation of natural resources, recycling, source reduction and pollution control to ensure cleaner air and water and to reduce landfill wastes,† but does not elaborate on specific actions it takes. McDonald’s makes similar general statements and claims to be â€Å"actively pursuing the conversion of used cooking oil into biofuels for transportation vehicles, heating, and other purposes,† and pursuing various in-store paper, cardboard, delivery container and pallet recycling programs in Australia, Sweden, Japan and Britain. In Canada the company claims to be the â€Å"largest user of recycled paper in our industry† for trays, boxes, carry out bags and drink holders. Fast Food Recycling Programs Can Reduce Waste and Save MoneySome smaller fast food chains have garnered accolades for their recycling efforts. Arizona-based eegee’s, for instance, earned an Administrator’s Award from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency for recycling all paper, cardboard and polystyrene across its 21-store chain. Besides the positive attention it has generated, the company’s recycling effort also saves it money in garbage disposal fees every month. A Few Communities Require Fast Food Waste RecyclingDespite such efforts, though, the fast food industry is still a large generator of waste. Some communities are responding by passing local regulations requiring recycling where applicable. Seattle, Washington, for example, passed an ordinance in 2005 prohibiting businesses (all businesses, not just restaurants) from disposing of recyclable paper or cardboard, though violators only pay a nominal $50 fine. Taiwan Takes a Hard Line on Fast Food WastePerhaps policymakers in the U.S. and elsewhere could take a lead from Taiwan, which since 2004 has required its 600 fast-food restaurants, including McDonald’s, Burger King and KFC, to maintain facilities for proper disposal of recyclables by customers. Diners are obliged to deposit their garbage in four separate containers for leftover food, recyclable paper, regular waste and liquids. â€Å"Customers only have to spend under a minute to finish the trash-classification assignment,† said environmental protection administrator Hau Lung-bin in announcing the program. Restaurants that don’t comply face fines of up to $8,700 (U.S.). GOT AN ENVIRONMENTAL QUESTION? Send it to: EarthTalk, c/o E/The Environmental Magazine, P.O. Box 5098, Westport, CT 06881; submit it at: www.emagazine.com/earthtalk/thisweek/, or e-mail: earthtalkemagazine.com. EarthTalk is a regular feature of E/The Environmental Magazine. Selected EarthTalk columns are reprinted on About Environmental Issues by permission of the editors of E.

Ratio Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Ratio Analysis - Essay Example Suppose we want to assess the financial health of a very large or small firm, how can we analyze the firm so our analysis can provide an insight into the basic prospects for profitability of a firm? Is the firm losing or is it profitable? Are there prospects for making the firm profitable? Is the firm worth buying? Should we sell the firm? If we are to sell the firm, at what price should our purchase price be? How large are the firm’s debts? What are its prospects for profitability? What is the firm’s net worth? These are some of the questions in which ratio analysis can help provide an answer. Gibson (1982, p. 18) pointed out that the financial â€Å"ratios can be grouped into four categories: liquidity, debt, profitability, and other† financial ratios. The liquidity ratios include the working capital ratio, and the current ratio (Gibson 1982, pp. 18-19). Some of the broad debt ratios include the debt-to-capital and the debt-to-equity ratios. The debt-to-capital ratios used by many firms include the long term debt-to-long term debt plus stockholders’ equity, short term debt plus long-term debt-to-short term debt plus long-term debt plus stockholders’ equity, and several other ratios (Gibson 1982, p. 22). ... It also plausible that ratios can be devised based on one’s objectives although there are financial ratios that are conventionally or more popularly used to assess firm performance and status. As pointed out by Gibson (1982, p. 22), for example, â€Å"firm executives have many different opinions on how a firm debt position should be determined from the balanced sheet.† Profitability ratios include measures for earnings per share, return on equity, profit margin, return on capital, return on assets, gross margin, pre-tax margin, and operating margin (Gibson 1982, p. 23). Each type of ratio on profitability can include several specific types of measures. For example, the specific measures or ratios for profit margin include net income-to-sales, income from continuing operations-to-sales, income before minority share-to-sales, net income-to-total revenues, income before extraordinary item-to-sales, income from continuing operations and before extraordinary item-to-sales, a nd income before cumulative effect of change in accounting principle-to-sales (Gibson 1982, p. 24). The tone of Gibson (1982) indicates that a financial analyst may improvise ratios or measures as long as they are helpful to analysis but there are ratios that are conventionally or more popularly used by analysts for assessing liquidity, profitability, debt, or other aspects of firm or business operations. The formulas of the more popular ratios are contained in financial and accounting textbooks. Meanwhile, the ratios identified by Gibson (1982) for drawing insights on firm or business operations include dividend per share, book value per share, effective tax rate, dividend payout, price earnings ratio, and labour per hour. However, surely there are other measures that can be developed depending

IT in business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

IT in business - Essay Example Now despite the competitive edge ensured by IT, once every company begins to cut costs and aims at doing so at an increasing rate, they tend to hire different agents to do this task for them. At this point they become dependent on an agent who might be working for their rival firms as well and the means for seeking information advantages itself becomes a strategic disadvantage for the concerned company. 2. Carr rightly diagnoses that the strategic advantage of information is not everlasting for a firm. Even Porter and Miller argue that IT has the power to change all the Porter’s five forces. But three different companies or business organizations like Orkut, Facebook and Twitter, though based upon similar idea do not have the same number of clients. Here one might say that first entrant into a specific segment using information technology might have more advantage over the others. An individual having an account with Orkut might have the same with the other two as well and hen ce identifying a strategic advantage at this point is almost impossible unless based on time of entry. 2. Porter and Miller elaborate upon the industry’s attractiveness and alterations of the products, as they become information intensive. However, as information technology progresses, so will the need and risk to security of a firm’s data.

Can Science and Religion Co-exist? Essay -- Religion

Science and theology have diverged lines amongst several of the world’s phenomenon with the two greatest differences being human and world development. Although there are differences in the beliefs of these two groups, they are ultimately attempting to solve the same puzzles that consume the minds of members of both disciplines. In the end one might say, both disciplines are working to solve two different puzzles that may be really different, but ultimately are aspects of the same puzzle. Both the method and the aims of science and religion seem to be different. Science is considered to be more linked to the material aspect of all things, where religion is concerned with the spiritual. These are just two of the differences to be discussed in this paper, as I attempt to answer the question of â€Å"Can science and religion co-exist?† Science and religion both create feelings ranging from suspicion, distrust, and conflict to those of respect, tolerance, and conciliation. The feelings created are often dependent on an individual’s level of involvement with the corresponding discipline of study. Extremist in either discipline would be most likely to develop the negative feelings listed above, while those with knowledge of both studies would lean towards the feelings associated with respect and tolerance. Another group of individuals who would typically respect and tolerate the beliefs of both studies are those nestled in the roots of the rabbit’s fur (Gaarder, 2007). These would be those who are content living their daily lives not looking to solve the unknown questions of the world’s development. The contradiction amongst science and religion is found between those who look to find the missing pieces of the puzzle through means of myt... ... co-exist peacefully through conciliation is preferred, and for the most part is the norm. Works Cited Sickler, B. (2009). Conflicts Between Science and Religion, Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Retrieved 2/27/12 from http://www.iep.utm.edu/sci-rel. Shaikh, A.B. (2011). Science and Religion at the Crossroads: Conflict or Conciliation? Journal for Interdisciplinary Research on Religion and Science, No. 9, July 2011. Dennett, D.C. (2011). Science and Religion: Are They Compatible? Oxford University Press. Deem, R. (2006). Does the Bible Say God Created the Universe in Six 24-Hour Days? Retrieved 2/26/12 from http://www.godandscience.org/youngearth/sixdays.html. Gaarder, J. (2007). Sophies World. Farrar, Straus and Giroux, LLC. Palmer, D. (2010). Looking at Philosophy: The Unbearable Heaviness of Philosophy Made Lighter, 5th ed.. McGraw-Hill.

“A Secret Sorrow” by Karen van der Zee and “A Sorrowful Woman” Gail Godwin Essay

In both the excerpts from Karen van der Zee’s novel â€Å"A Secret Sorrow† and in Gail Godwin’s short story â€Å"A Sorrowful Woman,† the plots center on ideas of marriage and family. Conversely, marriage and family are presented in very different lights in the two stories. Karen van der Zee presents marriage with children as perfect and completely fulfilling; it is what Faye, the protagonist of â€Å"A Secret Sorrow†, wants and what is necessary to her happiness. For Godwin’s unnamed protagonist, marriage and family are almost the antithesis of happiness; her home life seems to suffocate hear and eventually leads her to death. â€Å"A Secret Sorrow† directly endorses and encourages marriage, whereas â€Å"A Sorrowful Woman† indirectly questions and discourages it. Both of the female protagonists in the two stories experience a conflict. In â€Å"A Secret Sorrow† Faye’s conflict comes before the marriage. She is struck with misery and torment because she cannot have children and fears that this will prevent her from marrying the man she loves. Both she and her beloved, Kai, desire marriage with children, and van der Zee suggests that only with these things will they truly be happy. Faye feels that her inability to have children is a fatal flaw that cuts her off from Kai’s love. â€Å"Every time we see some pregnant woman, every time we’re with somebody else’s children I’ll feel I’ve failed you!† (Zee 35). Faye’s anxiety and fear are based on the thought of losing her beloved Kai, accompanied by never having children. In â€Å"A Sorrowful Woman,† however, the conflict comes after the marriage, when the woman has already secured her husband and child. Unlike Faye, who would be ecstatic in this woman’s situation, the protagonist of Godwin’s story is not. Oddly enough, her husband and son bring her such sorrow that eventually she is unable to see them at all, communicating only through notes stuck under her bedroom door. Godwin’s character has a loving husband and child, yet in spite of this, she is still filled with grief. This sense of defeat is unimaginable when compared to a Harlequin romance because it goes against the assumption that the rest is happily ever after. In â€Å"A Secret Sorrow†, marriage is portrayed as the resolution. Van der Zee works to present the reader with the idea that only with this aspect will Faye be fulfilled and happy; it is what the entire story, with all the plot  twists and romantic interludes, works toward. Marriage is also the end in â€Å"A Sorrowful Woman† but not as expected: it is quite literally the end of the woman’s life. Though one doesn’t see what her life was like before her emotional crisis, there are hints of it. When she moves into a new bedroom, away from her husband, she mentions seeing the streets from a whole new perspective, which suggests the previous monotony of her daily life. In addition, when the woman bakes pies and bread and washes and folds the laundry, her son says, â€Å"She’s tired from doing all our things again,† (Godwin 42). This gives the reader the idea of what â€Å"our things† was and what the woman did with her time before her crisis. The monotony of marriage is absent in â€Å"A Secret Sorrow.† Faye’s inability to have children does not end Kai’s love for her, instead, the two go on to marry and adopt children. Faye’s married life is described in a very idyllic way: she raises her son and two daughters in a â€Å"white ranch house under the blue skies of Texas† (Zee 37). Once she is married and has children, there is no more anxiety because the plot leads one to the conclusion that marriage solves all problems and is a source of unending happiness. This greatly differs from Godwin’s tale, which takes place in winter and maintains a sense of cold. Whenever Godwin describes the family, it is in terms that suggest weight, guilt, or failure. The child’s trusting gaze makes the protagonist begin â€Å"yelping without tears† (Godwin 39). Any sign of life or love increases her sorrow and makes her want solitary. One case in point is when the hired girl brings her son to visit her with a grasshopper he’s found–something both alive and from the outside world; she gets very upset and forces her husband to fire the girl. It would appear that the girl is too much of an infringement on her space, too much of a reminder of what she can no longer be. The discrepancy between the two authors’ illustrations of marriage is most apparent when both women are viewing their families. Faye, sitting with her husband and watching her children play, feels that â€Å"life was good and filled with love† (Zee 37). Godwin’s protagonist, on the other hand, articulates, â€Å"The sight of them made her so sad and sick she did not want to see them ever again† (Godwin 38).When Kai, now her husband, embraces Faye, she feels,  Ã¢â‚¬Å"There was love in his embrace and love in his words and in her heart there was no room for doubt, no room for sorrow† (Zee 37). When Godwin’s heroine feels the loving touch of her husband’s arm and the kiss of her child, she cannot bear it any longer and cuts off all direct contact with them. The situation of her marriage forces her into a self-imposed imprisonment and indolence. She feels agonizingly poignant because she can no longer be who they want and need her to be. She avoids them not because she does not love them but rather because she loves them so much that it is too painful to see them and too troublesome for them to feel her failure. The axiom to Godwin’s story tells us that â€Å"Once upon a time there was a wife and a mother one too many times† (Godwin 38). The addition of â€Å"one too many times† to this traditional story opening forces the idea of repetition and monotony; it suggests that it is not the state of being a wife and mother that is innately dreadful but rather the fact that that is all Godwin’s character is. Day in and day out, too many times over, the woman is just a wife and a mother, and it isn’t enough for her. In van der Zee’s story there could be no such thing as too much motherhood or too much of being a wife. When Faye’s fears of losing Kai are assuaged, and she is happily married, it is as though a great weight has been lifted off her. Alternatively, Godwin’s character feels her marriage as a great weight pressing on her which results in her immobilization. When she leaves her room for a day and puts out freshly baked bread for her husband and son, they express their happiness in the notes they write to her that night, and â€Å"the force of the two joyful notes†¦pressed her into the corner of the little room; she hardly had space to breathe† (Godwin 42). Faye can be a traditional wife and mother, so her family is a source of joy. However, in Godwin’s character’s case, she can no longer be the traditional wife and mother, the representation of her own failure, which inevitably draws her guilt to push her further and further into herself un til she can retreat no further and ends her life. The closing stages of the two stories are powerful illustrations of the differences between them. In the end of â€Å"A Secret Sorrow† the author shows the reader Faye’s feelings â€Å"beautiful, complete, whole† (Zee 38) in her role  as a wife and mother. Godwin, on the other hand, leaves the audience with the protagonist dead on her bed. Godwin seems to give the reader hope by showing all that the woman has done when she says, â€Å"the house smelled redolently of renewal and spring† (Godwin 42). This makes the misfortune even harder when one discovers, along with the husband and child, the woman’s death. The ambiguous way the death of Godwin’s unnamed protagonist is dealt with reinforces the author’s negative tone towards marriage. It isn’t explicitly written as suicide; however, Godwin seems to encourage her readers to see it as the inevitable consequence of her marriage. Van der Zee creates a story full of emotional highs and lows, but one that leads up to and ends with marriage. After the marriage all of the plot twists and traumas come to a halt, replaced with peace and happiness. Faye is brought to new life by her marriage and children; she finds fulfillment of all of her desires in them. Godwin’s story, however, is full of post marital anguish and confusion. The character she creates is stifled and unquestionably unfulfilled by her marriage. A burst of creative energy right before her death produces, among other things, â€Å"a sheath of marvelous watercolor beasts accompanied by mad and fanciful stories nobody could ever make up again, and a tablet full of love sonnets addressed to the man† (Godwin 42). It is clear that the woman had talents and desires not met by the routine duties of her marital life. For Faye, the protagonist of â€Å"A Secret Sorrow†, marriage is the happily-ever-after ending she has wanted all of her life; for Godwin’s protagonist, marriage is just a monotonous and interminable ever after. In any case, humans cannot bear too much reality. Works Cited: Godwin, Gail. â€Å"A Sorrowful Woman.† 38-42. Van der Zee, Karen. â€Å"A Secret Sorrow.† 30-38. â€Å"A Secret Sorrow† by Karen van der Zee and â€Å"A Sorrowful Woman† Gail Godwin Essay In both the excerpts from Karen van der Zee’s novel â€Å"A Secret Sorrow† and in Gail Godwin’s short story â€Å"A Sorrowful Woman,† the plots center on ideas of marriage and family. Conversely, marriage and family are presented in very different lights in the two stories. Karen van der Zee presents marriage with children as perfect and completely fulfilling; it is what Faye, the protagonist of â€Å"A Secret Sorrow†, wants and what is necessary to her happiness. For Godwin’s unnamed protagonist, marriage and family are almost the antithesis of happiness; her home life seems to suffocate hear and eventually leads her to death. â€Å"A Secret Sorrow† directly endorses and encourages marriage, whereas â€Å"A Sorrowful Woman† indirectly questions and discourages it. Both of the female protagonists in the two stories experience a conflict. In â€Å"A Secret Sorrow† Faye’s conflict comes before the marriage. She is struck with misery and torment because she cannot have children and fears that this will prevent her from marrying the man she loves. Both she and her beloved, Kai, desire marriage with children, and van der Zee suggests that only with these things will they truly be happy. Faye feels that her inability to have children is a fatal flaw that cuts her off from Kai’s love. â€Å"Every time we see some pregnant woman, every time we’re with somebody else’s children I’ll feel I’ve failed you!† (Zee 35). Faye’s anxiety and fear are based on the thought of losing her beloved Kai, accompanied by never having children. In â€Å"A Sorrowful Woman,† however, the conflict comes after the marriage, when the woman has already secured her husband and child. Unlike Faye, who would be ecstatic in this woman’s situation, the protagonist of Godwin’s story is not. Oddly enough, her husband and son bring her such sorrow that eventually she is unable to see them at all, communicating only through notes stuck under her bedroom door. Godwin’s character has a loving husband and child, yet in spite of this, she is still filled with grief. This sense of defeat is unimaginable when compared to a Harlequin romance because it goes against the assumption that the rest is happily ever after. In â€Å"A Secret Sorrow†, marriage is portrayed as the resolution. Van der Zee works to present the reader with the idea that only with this aspect will Faye be fulfilled and happy; it is what the entire story, with all the plot  twists and romantic interludes, works toward. Marriage is also the end in â€Å"A Sorrowful Woman† but not as expected: it is quite literally the end of the woman’s life. Though one doesn’t see what her life was like before her emotional crisis, there are hints of it. When she moves into a new bedroom, away from her husband, she mentions seeing the streets from a whole new perspective, which suggests the previous monotony of her daily life. In addition, when the woman bakes pies and bread and washes and folds the laundry, her son says, â€Å"She’s tired from doing all our things again,† (Godwin 42). This gives the reader the idea of what â€Å"our things† was and what the woman did with her time before her crisis. The monotony of marriage is absent in â€Å"A Secret Sorrow.† Faye’s inability to have children does not end Kai’s love for her, instead, the two go on to marry and adopt children. Faye’s married life is described in a very idyllic way: she raises her son and two daughters in a â€Å"white ranch house under the blue skies of Texas† (Zee 37). Once she is married and has children, there is no more anxiety because the plot leads one to the conclusion that marriage solves all problems and is a source of unending happiness. This greatly differs from Godwin’s tale, which takes place in winter and maintains a sense of cold. Whenever Godwin describes the family, it is in terms that suggest weight, guilt, or failure. The child’s trusting gaze makes the protagonist begin â€Å"yelping without tears† (Godwin 39). Any sign of life or love increases her sorrow and makes her want solitary. One case in point is when the hired girl brings her son to visit her with a grasshopper he’s found–something both alive and from the outside world; she gets very upset and forces her husband to fire the girl. It would appear that the girl is too much of an infringement on her space, too much of a reminder of what she can no longer be. The discrepancy between the two authors’ illustrations of marriage is most apparent when both women are viewing their families. Faye, sitting with her husband and watching her children play, feels that â€Å"life was good and filled with love† (Zee 37). Godwin’s protagonist, on the other hand, articulates, â€Å"The sight of them made her so sad and sick she did not want to see them ever again† (Godwin 38).When Kai, now her husband, embraces Faye, she feels,  Ã¢â‚¬Å"There was love in his embrace and love in his words and in her heart there was no room for doubt, no room for sorrow† (Zee 37). When Godwin’s heroine feels the loving touch of her husband’s arm and the kiss of her child, she cannot bear it any longer and cuts off all direct contact with them. The situation of her marriage forces her into a self-imposed imprisonment and indolence. She feels agonizingly poignant because she can no longer be who they want and need her to be. She avoids them not because she does not love them but rather because she loves them so much that it is too painful to see them and too troublesome for them to feel her failure. The axiom to Godwin’s story tells us that â€Å"Once upon a time there was a wife and a mother one too many times† (Godwin 38). The addition of â€Å"one too many times† to this traditional story opening forces the idea of repetition and monotony; it suggests that it is not the state of being a wife and mother that is innately dreadful but rather the fact that that is all Godwin’s character is. Day in and day out, too many times over, the woman is just a wife and a mother, and it isn’t enough for her. In van der Zee’s story there could be no such thing as too much motherhood or too much of being a wife. When Faye’s fears of losing Kai are assuaged, and she is happily married, it is as though a great weight has been lifted off her. Alternatively, Godwin’s character feels her marriage as a great weight pressing on her which results in her immobilization. When she leaves her room for a day and puts out freshly baked bread for her husband and son, they express their happiness in the notes they write to her that night, and â€Å"the force of the two joyful notes†¦pressed her into the corner of the little room; she hardly had space to breathe† (Godwin 42). Faye can be a traditional wife and mother, so her family is a source of joy. However, in Godwin’s character’s case, she can no longer be the traditional wife and mother, the representation of her own failure, which inevitably draws her guilt to push her further and further into herself un til she can retreat no further and ends her life. The closing stages of the two stories are powerful illustrations of the differences between them. In the end of â€Å"A Secret Sorrow† the author shows the reader Faye’s feelings â€Å"beautiful, complete, whole† (Zee 38) in her role  as a wife and mother. Godwin, on the other hand, leaves the audience with the protagonist dead on her bed. Godwin seems to give the reader hope by showing all that the woman has done when she says, â€Å"the house smelled redolently of renewal and spring† (Godwin 42). This makes the misfortune even harder when one discovers, along with the husband and child, the woman’s death. The ambiguous way the death of Godwin’s unnamed protagonist is dealt with reinforces the author’s negative tone towards marriage. It isn’t explicitly written as suicide; however, Godwin seems to encourage her readers to see it as the inevitable consequence of her marriage. Van der Zee creates a story full of emotional highs and lows, but one that leads up to and ends with marriage. After the marriage all of the plot twists and traumas come to a halt, replaced with peace and happiness. Faye is brought to new life by her marriage and children; she finds fulfillment of all of her desires in them. Godwin’s story, however, is full of post marital anguish and confusion. The character she creates is stifled and unquestionably unfulfilled by her marriage. A burst of creative energy right before her death produces, among other things, â€Å"a sheath of marvelous watercolor beasts accompanied by mad and fanciful stories nobody could ever make up again, and a tablet full of love sonnets addressed to the man† (Godwin 42). It is clear that the woman had talents and desires not met by the routine duties of her marital life. For Faye, the protagonist of â€Å"A Secret Sorrow†, marriage is the happily-ever-after ending she has wanted all of her life; for Godwin’s protagonist, marriage is just a monotonous and interminable ever after. In any case, humans cannot bear too much reality. Works Cited: Godwin, Gail. â€Å"A Sorrowful Woman.† 38-42. Van der Zee, Karen. â€Å"A Secret Sorrow.† 30-38.

Occupational Health and Safety Project - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1714 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Health Essay Type Research paper Level High school Did you like this example? Occupational Health and Safety Project Contents Introduction Fire hazards à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" Their significance and how to identify them Prevention General safety precautions Conclusion Bibliography Introduction Every year people or employees are fatally wounded by the thousands on the job around the world, the number is increasing day by day and the shocking fact is that a fraction of those also comprise of kids. There is a desperate need to be conscious of the perils at the workplace and employees are obliged to protect themselves by knowing their rights and having a clear understanding of the employerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s responsibility (Garrow, 2010). Employees need to make sure that they are getting the appropriate insurance that would compensate them adequately in case of any accident at work. Any workplace is subject to the hazard of fire. When people around the world are working in different areas and know that injuries and accidents can occur, the need of taking precautions arises. There are numerous hazards that can take place in a workplace which can lead to substantial losses, even death or severe injuries (Garrow, 2010). The most common types of hazards are those that arises fro m chemical, repetitive motors, fires, fall related injuries and electricity. It is the duty and responsibility of the employer to keep safe and secure environment for all the potential employees working in an organization, it also keeps the environment happier and more productive. Building of safety policies and strategies that specifically address workplace hazards mentioned above would be beneficial for the organization plus the employees. Employees working in an organization might be at risk relating to health hazards if their jobs involve exposure to chemicals. There are numerous substances that can severely harm employees, like, fumes, liquid, gas, solid, vapors, dust and corrosives. No matter, the employee is at risk of inhaling, absorbing or ingesting the substance through the skin or whatever, it is the responsibility of the employer to make sure that the risks are minimized to the fullest. These are the types of hazards which can take place in any sort of business an employ er runs and operates, from retail to manufacturing. Fire is the most common hazard and is considered to be the biggest risk in an organization, regardless of the type of the business an employer is running. The Seattle Fire Dept. carried out a research and concluded that around 70000 to 80000 fires take place in businesses in the USA per year, despite taking all the safety measures and precautions. Employees aware of how to use the fire extinguishers, keeping hold of the fire drills, informing the employees of the emergency evacuation plans can make sure safety (Joseph, 2010). In accordance with the UKà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s fire safety order every business is legally required to take into account the full responsibility in lowering and detecting the risks associated with fire hazards (Steven, 2014). Avoidance of the fire hazard involves recognizing those activities and substances that could possibly instigate a blaze. Fire hazard is considered to be one of the workplace hazards that do not discriminate relying on the possible nature of the workplace. Fires are anything that can be caused from oil leakage in machinery on an assembly line to a short circuit wire in a printer or fax machine. It all comes to the employers of the organization to make sure that the places and environment their employees are working are free from severe fire hazards (Terrell, 2010). As of 2006 businesses are now completely responsible for the safety of the public and most importantly the employees from the possible risk of fire. In accordance with the fire safety order it has become obligatory for the businesses to carry out fire risk assessments, identifying possible fire hazards and developing a plan of action in event of any fire accident. The order comprise of compilation of updated and existing measures (Garrow, 2010). Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Occupational Health and Safety Project" essay for you Create order Fire hazards à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" Their significance and how to identify them To help and support the employees, all workplaces and environment should comprise of rules and regulations for restricting fire hazards along with the appropriate evacuation plans in case the fire takes place. The OSHA (small business handbook) delivers some of the important advice for averting a disturbing fire in a workplace environment. The tips are presented as a series of questions business employers to ask themselves. Examples are, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“If the workplace contains a fire alarm system, is it licensed as tested and required yearly?à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  and à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“If the workplace environment contain automatic water sprinkler, are they in proper conditions?à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Evacuation procedures should be clear and posted to all the entrances and exit points (Terrell, 2010). However, the employer have most of the responsibility and duty in case of any fire hazard takes place but it should also be noted that employees should also be alert and help take fire precautio ns and safety into their own hands. Even between they are getting their safety training sessions, they should take out time to go over evacuation ways, use of fire extinguishers and ways to keep the work environment safe and secure for the fellow employees. In work environments where fire is an essential factor, such as areas with exposed flame cooking surfaces or metal manufacturing plants, employees need to be very careful and appropriately make use of all necessary protective gear (Anthony, 2014). The possible result of a fire hazard can essentially be devastating. Just like when fire catches the house, a fire in the workplace amounts to more risks for smoke inhalation, serious burns, roof collapses and even death. A severe burn caused by the fire can land an employee in the hospital for days, weeks, or months and leave them incapable of carrying out their job either permanently or temporarily. This can further lead to extreme financial stress on the employee along with his/he r family. The combination of serious medical bills and days missing work can be crippling in many situations. If an employee has been injured in a workplace and sense that ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s the employerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s negligence is to blame, the employee might take into account the filling for employeeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s compensation (Anthony, 2014). Back in 2007, nearly 170 individuals in the United States of America lost their lives in the workplace as the outcome of a severe fire or explosion, in accordance with the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Fire avoidance instructions for the workplace can help and support to avert death or injury, keeping the workplace safe and help to prevent financial losses to the company as well (Steven, 2014). One of the many techniques to reduce fire associated incidents is to clear chaos out of office halls and everywhere around the workplace, in accordance with the operational work safety reserve Safety Exchange. Materials and paper that are disposed together can catch fire if ignited by a frayed electrical wire or a trigger instigated by couple of metal bits conflicting together. Clean up litter to eradicate possible sparking, including frequently discharging trash cans in the workplace environment. Garbage can also lump the emergency exit points and make vacating a fiery building problematic. Ensure that impediments are removed from in front of emergency exit points to assist a smooth exit point through an emergency (Terrell, 2010). Power distribution trips and extension cords are regarded for a concentrated amperage and wattage that they can securely resist. In accordance with the U.S. Dept. of Cultivation Almanac, burdened extension cords can root a fire hazard. Employees should check the evaluations on extension cords and power distribution strips before using them to ensure you are not running too much power through them. Employees can find the amperage and wattage evaluations on the things you are pluggin g in on the item itself. Employees should use only use an extension cord as a momentary electrical connection because extension cords are not intended for continuous use. Employees should always try to plug things unswervingly into the wall outlet as much as possible (Garrow, 2010). Prevention Implement a database that involves prevention, preparation and acknowledgement of potential fire hazards for the employees. Employer and employees should make sure that they practice appropriate handling of flammable and combustible substances. Employers should maintain safe and secure housekeeping practices that minimize the risk of fire hazards. Employers should always keep sufficient fire suppression equipment in the workplace so that fire if occurred could be extinguished before it goes out of control resulting in further substantial losses (Steven, 2014) General safety precautions Employees should be aware that they never lay or pile material that it blocks or covers access to firefighting tools. Employees should ensure that they use authorized containers for the segregation and disposal ignitable refuse. Employees should never stock flammable material or substances within 10 feet of a building or location. Pile and stack all materials in the appropriate order and steady piles. Employees should never let preventable flammable things get gathered in any part of the work environment. It is the duty of employee and the employer to make a periodic clean-up of the complete work site and keep weeds and grass under control. On a regular basis employees should, dispose of flammable remains and scrap from your workplace (Anthony, 2014) Use only permitted ampules and boilers for storing, handling, and transport of flammable and incendiary liquid. Employees should at all-time implement assessment measures before performing operations that present fire hazards like welding. Conclusion By recognizing the possible fire hazards within the workplace an organization is complying in accordance with the Safety Order and the regulation. Examining possibly the hazardous materials, using them appropriately and in the end storing the safely is the initial step to fire prevention. Employees in the workplace are required to be fully trained to efficiently handle an emergency circumstance using suitable tools and knowledge. However, if in case any unforeseen fire takes place, there should be an appropriate plan to be acted upon in order to minimize the potential losses (Garrow, 2010). Bibliography Anthony, I. (2014). 12 FIRE PREVENTION TIPS FOR WORKERS. Retrieved from https://blog.safetysmart.com/2014/01/12-fire-prevention-tips-workers/ Garrow, K. (2010). Fire Hazards Their Importance And How To Identify Them. Retrieved from https://ezinearticles.com/?Fire-HazardsTheir-Importance-And-How-To-Identify-Themid=5206448 Joseph, D. (2010). Workplace Fire Hazards. Retrieved from https://ezinearticles.com/?Workplace-Fire-Hazardsid=3913058 Steven, B. (2014). Preventing Workplace Fire Hazards. Retrieved from https://www.stevenbrownassociates.com/blog/preventing-workplace-fire-hazards/ Terrell, M. (2010). 5 Fire Hazards You Might Have In Your House. Retrieved from https://ezinearticles.com/?5-Fire-Hazards-You-Might-Have-In-Your-Houseid=5491612